Infectious Mononucleosis (Ebv)

What is infectious mononucleosis?

Infectious mononucleosis, also known as mono or kissing disease, is a common contagious illness caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). EBV is a member of the herpesvirus family, which also includes the viruses that cause chickenpox, shingles, and cold sores.

How is infectious mononucleosis spread?

EBV is spread through contact with infected saliva, such as through kissing, sharing drinks or utensils, or coughing or sneezing. The virus can also be spread through blood transfusions or organ transplants.

Who is at risk for infectious mononucleosis?

Infectious mononucleosis is most common in teenagers and young adults, but it can occur at any age. People who have close contact with someone who is infected with EBV are at increased risk of developing the illness.

What are the symptoms of infectious mononucleosis?

The symptoms of infectious mononucleosis can vary, but they typically include:

• Fever
• Sore throat
• Swollen lymph nodes
• Fatigue
• Headache
• Muscle aches
• Loss of appetite
• Nausea and vomiting

In some cases, infectious mononucleosis can also cause a rash, liver problems, or neurological problems.

How is infectious mononucleosis diagnosed?

Infectious mononucleosis is diagnosed based on the patient's symptoms and a physical examination. The doctor may also order blood tests to confirm the diagnosis.

How is infectious mononucleosis treated?

There is no specific treatment for infectious mononucleosis. Treatment is aimed at relieving symptoms and preventing complications.

Treatment may include:

• Rest
• Pain relievers
• Antiviral medications
• Hospitalization in severe cases

How long does infectious mononucleosis last?

Most people recover from infectious mononucleosis within 2 to 4 weeks. However, some people may experience fatigue for several months after the illness.

What are the complications of infectious mononucleosis?

In most cases, infectious mononucleosis is a mild illness. However, it can sometimes lead to serious complications, such as:

• Splenic rupture
• Liver failure
• Encephalitis
• Myocarditis
• Guillain-Barré syndrome

How can infectious mononucleosis be prevented?

There is no vaccine to prevent infectious mononucleosis. However, there are some things you can do to reduce your risk of getting the illness, such as:

• Avoid kissing or sharing drinks or utensils with someone who is infected with EBV.
• Wash your hands frequently with soap and water.
• Cover your mouth and nose when you cough or sneeze.

If you think you may have infectious mononucleosis, it is important to see your doctor right away.

Infection Ebv